21 results
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
irreversible disease ... treated to relieve symptoms ... course of the disease ... present in the video ... #neurology
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
: - extra-ocular ... - pupillary reflex ... If any are abnormal ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... older who have normal ... the following symptoms ... disease (GERD), ... • Associated symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Méniére's disease ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... epidural hematoma • Infection ... lumbar spine Signs ... leg reflexes) ... #signs
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... fluid (CSF) is abnormal ... , and ocular inflammation
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Infections: - ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... reflexes: Areflexia