29 results
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
brainstem syndromes ... Hypothalamic or thalamic syndromes ... pain • Extra-CNS complications ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Complete loss of motor ... injury, Preserved motor ... upper and lower motor ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
hypertension suggests either ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... K wasting from other ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... severe clinical complications ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... volume overload) Other ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... Pathophysiology: ... FatimahDandan #Pisa #Syndrome ... pleurothotonus #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #neurology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... dissociation • Other ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... relieved by sitting rather ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... #sensory #motor ... #leg #physicalexam
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Stiff Person Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... of continuous motor ... • Continuous motor-unit ... Management #treatment #neurology
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
Horner's Syndrome ... diagnosis of Horner's syndrome ... Pancoast tumors), and other ... ophthalmology #physicalexam ... #neurology #Anisocoria