691 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease ... #Diagnosis #DM2
Pressors and Inotropes

Norepinephrine
 • alpha1 > beta 1
 • Increase SVR > Inotropy
Vasopressin
 • V1
 •
• alpha 1 • Increase ... • Inotropy > Increase ... • Inotropy, Decrease ... • Inotropy, Decrease ... #pharmacology #comparison
Diastolic Dysfunction Grading - Echocardiography
Grade 0  (Normal):
 • E/A >0.8, e’ > 8 cm/s, E/e’
Impaired Relaxation & Decreased ... Compliance • Mild Decrease ... Filling • Moderate Decrease ... enlargement • Severe Decrease ... echocardiogram #grades #diagnosis
Auto-PEEP 
What is Auto-PEEP?
 • Progressive air trapping & dynamic hyperinflation → ↑Palv at end expiration
barotrauma and decreased ... (Tflow rate = decrease ... I:E ratio, decrease ... RR) • Decrease ... PEEP #pulmonary #diagnosis
Calcium Channel Blockers - Dihydropyridines vs Non-Dihydropyridines
Dihydropyridines (amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine, nicardipine)
 • SVR: Decrease
 • Inotropy:
nicardipine) • SVR: Decrease ... verapamil) • SVR: Decrease ... • Inotropy: Decrease ... #pharmacology #comparison
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) - Spectrum of Response
Non-response:
 • Histology: Persistent eosinophilia, ≥ 15 eos/hpf
 • Symptoms:
symptoms, <30% decrease ... findings, <30% decrease ... • Symptoms: Decreased ... symptoms, 30-90% decrease ... EoE #Response #diagnosis
Shock - Findings, Signs and Symptoms by Classification
 - Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Distributive (Vasodilation)
- Cardiogenic (Decreased ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Symptoms #Findings #Comparison
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
Factors (GF's) • Decrease ... Osteocytes • Increase ... Bone Resorption, Decreased ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
R Wave Progression - normal chest lead ECG shows an rS-type complex in lead V1 with
with a steady increase ... left chest and a decrease ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
The 4 Variants of Sinus Arrhythmia
Phasic Sinus Arrhythmia:
 • The rate increases with respiration and decreases
respiration and decreases ... • As the heart decreases ... wave amplitude decrease ... Arrhythmia #cardiology #diagnosis ... variants #clinical #comparison