943 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease ... #Diagnosis #DM2
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Dexamethasone • Decrease ... vasogenic edema • Decrease ... Nifedipine • Decreases ... pulmonary arterial
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
Both can decrease ... larger VT and decreases ... In CHF, decreases ... In COPD, decreases ... exacerbation (cardiogenic pulmonary
Diastolic Dysfunction Grading - Echocardiography
Grade 0  (Normal):
 • E/A >0.8, e’ > 8 cm/s, E/e’
Impaired Relaxation & Decreased ... Compliance • Mild Decrease ... Filling • Moderate Decrease ... enlargement • Severe Decrease ... echocardiogram #grades #diagnosis
Auto-PEEP 
What is Auto-PEEP?
 • Progressive air trapping & dynamic hyperinflation → ↑Palv at end expiration
Decrease airway ... I:E ratio, decrease ... RR) • Decrease ... AutoPEEP #PEEP #pulmonary ... #diagnosis #management
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework DECREASED ... • Low PATM Can decrease ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #pulmonary
Capnography Waveforms
Sudden loss of waveform
 • ET tube disconnected, dislodged, kinked or obstructec
 • Loss of
10mmHg Sudden increase ... Hyperventilation Decreased ... Sedation #Diagnosis ... #EndTidalCO2 #pulmonary
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Pulmonary Function ... expiratory flows and an increase ... expiratory flow with decreased ... FlowVolume #Loops #pulmonary ... PFTs #patterns #diagnosis
Echocardiographic Findings of Acute Right Ventricular Strain
 - Increased RV:LV Size Ratio
 - Abnormal Septal Motion
Regurgitation - Elevated Pulmonary ... Systolic Pressure - Decreased ... TAPSE - Decreased ... Speckle Tracking: Decreased ... Echocardiogram #POCUS #diagnosis
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) - Spectrum of Response
Non-response:
 • Histology: Persistent eosinophilia, ≥ 15 eos/hpf
 • Symptoms:
symptoms, <30% decrease ... findings, <30% decrease ... • Symptoms: Decreased ... symptoms, 30-90% decrease ... EoE #Response #diagnosis