142 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease
Hydroxyurea - Pathophysiology and Benefits in Sickle Cell Disease
 • Decreases number of pain crises (
Hydroxyurea - Pathophysiology ... Cell Disease • Decreases ... number of pain crises ... 4.5 vs. 2.4) • Decreases ... Benefits #SickleCell #pathophysiology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Diagnosis Framework DECREASED ... • Low PATM Can decrease ... : Decreased respiratory ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... hepatopulmonary syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Urinary Loss Decreased ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... ferroportin → Decreased ... ferroportin leads to decreased ... endpoint of all-cause
Conceptual Relationship between Volume Responsiveness and Volume Tolerance

Assessing for volume responsiveness would only tell you that
Causes of "Left ... Shift" (Decreased ... glycocalyx damage -decreased ... oncotic pressure -decreased ... #Differential #Pathophysiology
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
• Hematoma Decreased ... Rifampin) Decreased ... • Gilbert's Syndrome ... Crigler-Najjar Syndromes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... - Decreased Intake ... intoxication Cause ... acidosis - Cl⁻ decrease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... • Pregnancy Decreased ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... - Refeeding syndrome ... pyruvate & lactate decrease ... reduction - Decreased ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology