1949 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #HgbA1c #Laboratory ... #Increase #Decrease
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
pressure, which can decrease ... Both can decrease ... In CHF, decreases ... In COPD, decreases ... hair) • Risk Of Clinical
Muehrcke's Lines (Leukonychia striata)
Narrow while transverse lines (Not depressed, compared to Beau's lines). Usually 2 or
Seen in states of decreased ... protein synthesis or increase ... #Fingernails #PhysicalExam ... #Clinical #Photo
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Factors (GF's) • Decrease ... Osteocytes • Increase ... Bone Resorption, Decreased
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
Typically the JVP decreases ... there is a lack of decrease ... or increase in ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Progressive increase ... coapting urethra -> Decreased ... strength causing Decreased ... sphincter unit; Decreased
Hemoglobin A1c (glycated hemoglobin) reflects the average blood glucose concentration over the course of the RBC
shown by levels of HbA1c ... correlated with 35-76% decrease ... lower levels of HbA1c ... Women with HbA1c ... , #@DharSaty #HbA1c
Hoover's sign on Physical Exam
Paradoxical retraction of the lower intercostal spaces on inspiration
Pulmonary hyperinflation → flattening
flattened diaphragm decreases ... Hoovers #sign #PhysicalExam ... #Clinical #Video
Clinical features of shock from dehydration in an infant

Decreased level of consciousness 
Sunken fontanelle 
Dry mucous
Clinical features ... in an infant Decreased ... Extremities #PhysicalExam
The 4 Variants of Sinus Arrhythmia
Phasic Sinus Arrhythmia:
 • The rate increases with respiration and decreases
respiration and decreases ... • As the heart decreases ... wave amplitude decrease ... electrocardiogram #variants #clinical