98 results
Checklist for the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension
 • Record estimated PASP
 • Evaluate RV size
• Evaluate for signs ... • Evaluate for causes ... of PH (left heart ... Echocardiography #diagnosis ... #cardiology #echocardiogram
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
The most common cause ... failure. ... Look for other signs ... of heart failure ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Myocardial Injury Classification
Chronic myocardial injury: Chronic heart failure, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertension, CKD/ESRD
Acute nonischemic myocardial injury:
 - Primary
injury: Chronic heart ... , Hypertension, ... non-cardiac illness: Critical ... illness, Sepsis, Pulmonary ... Classification #diagnosis
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... due to left heart ... chronic renal failure ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Causes
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Right-Sided Heart ... Failure - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... out Left-Sided Heart ... Arterial Hypertension
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Causes of Peripheral ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insufficiency: Heart ... failure, Pulmonary ... hypertension, Cirrhosis
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
inflammatory cells) Clinical ... exertion • Neurologic ... • Cardiac: Heart ... failure, dysrhythmias ... #Symptoms #Signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... or papilledema, heart ... failure, neurologic ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
Myocarditis Diagnosis ... performed) • Clinical ... Abnormal ECG, echocardiogram ... failure • Elevated ... failure therapy
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... • Congestive heart ... failure • Cirrhosis