10 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Nonimmune-mediated Hemolysis ... #Anemias #Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune hemolysis ... #Anemia #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... • Compensated hemolysis ... younger pts) Differential ... intravascular hemolysis ... #anemia #hematology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
bloodstream Hemolysis ... hemolysis • Ineffective ... myelofibrosis • Hemolysis ... tumor burden) Vasculitis ... associated with any symptoms
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Platelet Count - Differential ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic ... , Vasculitides,
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulmonary infiltrates, hemoptysis ... infiltrates/cavities, hemoptysis ... Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... < 30 years - Aorta ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign ... #rheumatology #
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... anemia 4% - Myositis ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers ... rheumatology
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... systemic complaints- anemia ... them, but urgent rheumatology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Hemoptysis (occasionally ... • CT: Halo sign ... and occasional hemoptysis ... 100% of cases), anemia ... Infections #HIV #AIDS