23 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
Pulmonary: Cough, hemoptysis ... exertion • Neurologic ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Pulmonary
Low O2 saturation that does not respond to supplemental O2
- Key diagnostic feature (sat < 85%
averaging by the pulse ... FiO2 Severity of symptoms ... pneumonia, COPD, anemia ... Concentrations #Signs ... #Symptoms
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Unilateral optic ... VISUAL: Nystagmus, Optic ... Signs and symptoms ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Endocarditis, Aortic ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Clinical features of focal cortical brain lesions in a right-handed individual

Frontal, either:  
Intellectual impairment, 
Personality
Acalculia, Alexia ... #Localization #Symptoms ... #Signs #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... , Malnutrition Signs ... Haematological: Anaemia ... Peripheral neuropathy, Optic ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
-DPG -> - hemolysis ... - anemia ... pathophysiology #symptoms ... #signs
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
of COVID-19 • Neurologic ... Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #SARSCOV2
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... diminished, or tender pulses ... < 30 years • Aorta ... claudication, pulse ... Arteritis): • Aorta
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Manifestations • Optic ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs