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Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
the differential diagnosis ... In an LMN lesion ... LMN syndromes are ... UMC & LMN lesions ... UMN lesions are
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes ... Central - Small Lesion ... Ipsilateral weakness (UMN ... Incomplete #spinalcord #syndromes ... #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
multiple spinal cord regions ... least two or more regions ... Other possible diagnosis ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Ring-Enhancing Lesions ... Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Space occupying lesions ... Gravis - Lack of UMN ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #neurology
Brachial Plexus Lesions - Localization and Presentation

Erb palsy ("waiter's tip"), 
Klumpke palsy, 
Thoracic outlet syndrome, Winged
Brachial Plexus Lesions ... Thoracic outlet syndrome ... Brachial #Plexus #Lesions ... Klumpke #ClawHand #Diagnosis ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Principal patterns of loss of sensation.
 (a) Thalamic lesion: sensory loss throughout opposite side (rare).
(a) Thalamic lesion ... (b) Brainstem lesion ... Brown—Séquard syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... result in permanent neurologic ... Brown-Séquard Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... : Areflexia UMN ... spinalcord #disorders #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... artery aneurysms Diagnosis ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management