9 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... between disorders ... - Parathyroid hormone ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... and Differential ... causes 3) Assess ... for non-hormonal ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... hyperparathyroidism Genetic disorders ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... Granulomatous Disorders ... #Differential # ... #endocrinology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... • Alcohol #gout ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... bruit or signs of hormonal ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Vitamin D metabolic disorders ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... or parathyroid hormone ... absent parathyroid hormone ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Pathogenesis of Select Causes of Constipation in Adults and in Elderly

 • Mechanical (ex. Bowel Obstruction,
Pathogenesis of Select Causes ... Hypercalcemia) - ... Hypothyroidism) -> Thyroid hormone ... Possible mechanisms: hormone ... neuromuscular disorders