11 results
diagnosis management causes nephrology hematology product reactions rhabdomyolysis secondary algorithm diuresis diuretics encephalopathy excretion gitelman htn hypokalemia indications leukostasis lysis
Causes of Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption: • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... intoxication #Hypercalcemia ... #high #endocrinology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... UA positive for blood ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM) Hypertensive urgency
- Differential ... visits, Ambulatory blood ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or
- Workup and Differential ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Neurologic disorders
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... Spontaneous if high ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... treatment (no calcium ... #TLS #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... HIV, Influenza, TSS ... injured muscles -> HYPOTENSION ... potassium and calcium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... , Blood transfusion ... , Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... elevated white blood
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... Normal or low blood ... pressure Labs: • Hypokalemia ... pathophysiology #Hypokalemia
Blood Transfusion Reactions Immune Mediated: • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
High mortality. ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... binds to serum calcium ... ↑bleeding • Hypotension
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