11 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... ), Eating disorders ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... resistance • Metabolic ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Chronic renal ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... acidosisChronic ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Workup and Differential ... , including a diuretic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Neurologic disorders ... Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... management of hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia ... #nephrology #K
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Loop diuretics for ... #causes #treatment ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology