11 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
deficiency, Salt-losing ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... failure Hypervolemia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... hypokalemic salt-losing ... (renal potassium ... , Renal tubular ... #nephrology #management
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... worsening symptoms during ... consistent with pulmonary ... Criteria #Diagnosis #CriticalCare
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Villous adenoma Renal ... diuretic use), Gitelman's ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... , and possibly renal ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... sarcoidosis Pulmonary
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... acetaminophen dosing ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Neurological symptoms: Acute ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs
TRALI Diagnostic Criteria
TRALI type 1 - Patients who have no risk factors for ARDS and meet
Acute onset, Hypoxemia ... evidence of bilateral pulmonary ... Onset during or ... TRALI l, and b Stable ... #criticalcare