334 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... access to H2O • Hypervolemic ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... uric acid high in hypovolemic ... and hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give ... volume Hypervolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic ... Primary polydipsia Hypervolemic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • ... psychogenic polydipsia HYPERVOLEMIC ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
#Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hyperkalemic ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Volume Status - Hypervolemic ... Hypodipsia - Renal hypovolemic ... - Extrarenal hypovolemic ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology