3643 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Volume Status Hypervolemic ... SIADH Renal hypovolemic ... nephropathy Extrarenal hypovolemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Classification Hypovolemic ... exacerbation (any cause ... Classification #Table
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
MAP = CO x SVR Hypovolemic ... findings based on cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Kidney stones caused ... Cardiac arrest • Hypovolemic ... • Treatment of hypervolemic ... #Medications #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Summary Table of how the 4 types of shock affect the circulatory system: 
 - Hypovolemic
Summary Table of ... circulatory system: - Hypovolemic ... Shock #Comparison #Table ... #Hypovolemic #Cardiogenic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic ... - Give volume Hypervolemic ... treat underlying cause ... Stress, Nausea,
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... access to H2O • Hypervolemic ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... nephrogenic) • Hypervolemic
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
uric acid high in hypovolemic ... and hypervolemic