28 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... • Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... , Hyperglycemia, ... #neurology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... pneumonia • DM ... Pathophysiology ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... #differential #causes
Diabetes – diabetic nephropathy
Majority of the literature in the area is applied to the diabetic nephropathy
- Chronic hyperglycemia ... be the primary cause ... hyperfiltration - Hyperglycemia ... - Cytokines #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Assess volume status ... Treatment: Treatment ... the underlying cause ... #management #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... transfusions), ↓insulin (DM ... only if no clear cause ... Monitor hypoglycemia ... #potassium #nephrology
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
Encephalitis, Abscess ... , Hypercapnia, Hypoglycemia ... #differential #causes ... secondary #management #neurology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
Causes of Status ... Hypocalcemia Hypoglycemia ... or hyperglycemia ... nervous system abscess ... #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Infectious: Brain abscess ... polyneuropathy: DM ... Mononeuritis multiplex (DM ... Metabolic myopathies: Hypoglycemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... assessment - assess ... before beginning treatment ... Renal failure - Hypoglycemia