25 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Saddle and/or genital ... constipation Differential ... cord infarct • HIV ... #differential #
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
of Back Pain - Differential ... age >50, <18, IV ... Radicular Symptoms • Cauda ... Equina Syndrome ... #BackPain #Differential
Red Flags in Back Pain
 • Cancer: Age > 50, History of cancer, Unexplained weight loss,
venous catheter, IV ... drug use • Cauda ... equina syndrome ... RedFlags #Back #Pain #differential
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Bacteremic spread of the Gram-negative diplococci Neisseria gonorrhoeae. History
recent symptomatic genital ... all patients for HIV ... Arthritis-Dermatitis syndrome ... Purulent Arthritis Syndrome ... #Microbiology #InfectiousDiseases
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Miller Fisher Syndrome ... nerve roots and cauda
AIDS-defining illnesses
 - Candidiasis of the esophagus, bronchi, trachea, or lungs [(but NOT the mouth (thrush)]
Encephalopathy, HIV ... brain - Wasting syndrome ... due to HIV #AIDS ... #InfectiousDiseases ... Diagnosis #List #Differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... lyme • Altered mental ... #Headache #Differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Infection (Viral- HIV ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome ... canimorsus • Virus: HIV ... Insufficiency #AI #differential ... endocrinology #infectiousdiseases
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... diagnosis #neurology #differential