13 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... mimics, repeat testing ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... by UW IM Residency
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... Acid → renal salt wasting ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... in monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... #workup #diagnosis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology