41 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Red cell casts ... glomerular disease ... • White cell casts ... • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury 

#Diagnosis #Nephrology #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury #Causes #Differential #Workup #Algorithm #Ddxof
of Acute Kidney ... #Nephrology #AKI ... #KidneyInjury #Causes ... #Differential #Workup ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... by UW IM Residency
Causes of Hematuria - Glomerular vs Non-glomerular

== Glomerular ==
- Glomerulonephritis 
- Thin basement membrane disease 

==
Causes of Hematuria ... basement membrane disease ... == Kidney - ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Urology
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
vascular supply; glomerular ... and interstitial disease ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Diagnosis #AKI ... #Sites #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... disease Renal ... #causes #urology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Kidney Disease ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Atherosclerosis Glomerular ... Sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... acute and chronic kidney ... diseases • Fatty ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... intrinsic renal disease ... #EM #IM #Urology ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof