13 results
Insulin Dosing Basics - Initiating Insulin for T2DM and Converting Insulin Products 

Insulin dosing can be
For type 2 diabetes ... for type 2 diabetes ... run into patient cases ... Basics #Dosing #Conversion ... #Prescribing #Pharmacology
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus ... Medication Guide Classes ... in Type 1 Diabetes ... #Medications #pharmacology ... #comparison #table
Effects on body weight of various classes of type-2 diabetes medications.
 - Metformin - Weight Loss
weight of various classes ... of type-2 diabetes ... Weight Gain ++ - Insulin ... weightloss #weightgain #comparison ... #pharmacology #
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... • Increases insulin-mediated ... agent • Does not cause ... hypoglycemia • Low ... #Summary #DM2 #diabetes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
(Uncontrolled diabetes ... paralysis - Insulin ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Piretanide Potassium ... #Diuretics #Pharmacology ... #nephrology #conversion ... loop #thiazide #classes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
(Uncontrolled diabetes ... paralysis - Insulin ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... shift • Saline Causes ... • Saline May Cause ... #pharmacology #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
transfusions), ↓insulin ... only if no clear cause ... acidosis) • Low ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K