4988 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
- Massive PO intake ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... Table #Causes #Management
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Diagnosis and Management ... (sunlight), ↓ Intake ... Hypocalcemia #Diagnosis #Management ... endocrinology #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - Differential ... The differential ... ). 1) ↓ Water Intake ... nephrogenic 4) ↑ Salt Intake ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
Diagnosis and Management ... : cell count + differential ... to restrict Na intake ... overall caloric intake ... Ascites #Diagnosis #Management
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
volitional water intake ... diabetes insipidus Differential ... Polydipsia #diagnosis #management
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Drug-Induced • Intact ... resistance) • Intact ... losses, Low dietary intake ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Low intake ... • poor oral intake ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Inadequate water intake ... Excessive salt intake ... Hypernatremia #Differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Increased Intake ... Hyperkalemia #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... • High protein intake ... • High salt intake ... • High protein intake ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology #Differential