13 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
- Ischemic Hepatitis ... Infection (EBV/CMV), Alcoholic ... AST:ALT > 2.5 - Alcoholic ... , Ischemic Necrosis ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... disease US — Normal ... hepatitis • Drugs ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drugs, Viral, Ischemia ... kwburak #LFTs #Elevated ... #hepatology #LiverFunctionTests
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... HEV, EBV, CMV), Alcohol-related ... disease, Hepatic ischaemia ... disorder (e.g. ascites ... #hepatology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... Normal Peritoneum ... Cirrhosis - Alcoholic ... hepatitis ... #differential #hepatology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Elevated Lactate ... upon damage • Normal ... • Ischemic hepatitis ... distinguishes ischemic ... fever) • Drugs (alcohol
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Cirrhosis - Alcoholic ... hepatitis - Cardiac ... associated with bowel ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
Drugs (MDMA), Alcohol ... • Vascular: Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology ... #algorithm #Transaminitis ... #LFTs #hepatitis
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... specificity to elevated ... function may be abnormal ... ALT Ratios: • Alcoholic ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Check Acute viral hepatitis ... Check Acute viral hepatitis ... specificity to elevated ... ALT Ratios: • Alcoholic ... #differential #Hepatology