106 results
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Upper and Lower Causes of GI Bleed
Upper:
 • Esophagus: Tear (Mallory Weiss, Boerhaave syndrome), Variceal, Esophagitis,
Upper and Lower Causes ... Weiss, Boerhaave syndrome ... sarcoma, Mesenteric ischemia ... Inflammatory: Ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #Causes
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
inhabitants 3rd leading cause ... glaucoma and retinal ischemia ... Causes of uveitis ... TerrierBen #Uveitis #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... , Orbital apex syndrome ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
 • Cerebrovascular:  vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg,
and Peripheral Causes ... hemorrhage, Brainstem ischemia ... oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome ... canal dehiscence syndrome ... • Cogan's syndrome
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... significant retinal ischemia ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
Peripheral and Central Causes ... Vertigo Peripheral Causes ... fistula, Cogan's syndrome ... Stroke / transient ischemic ... Wallenberg syndrome
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
Arrythmias, Peripheral ischemia ... effects: Peripheral ischemia ... Arrhythmias, Peripheral ischemia ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... comparison #table #pharmacology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... Patellofemoral pain syndrome ... Hematoma Venous Causes ... • PAD • Limb ischemia ... • Acute limb ischemia