22 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... drawing blood (ischemia-induced ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
edema caused by ... ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
of the terminal retinal ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... renal ischemia ... Monitor potassium ... #Summary #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Framework Pre-Renal ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... Other • ATN: Ischemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Guidelines for Crises ... New or evolving regional ... abnormalities particularly potassium ... Guidelines for crises ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management