16 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... nerve layer -> Flame ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Compartment Syndrome, Medications ... Other • ATN: Ischemia ... Protein) • AIN: Medication ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
and flame hemorrhages ... of the terminal retinal ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Differential Diagnosis for Vision Loss
Unilateral, Painful Vision Loss:
 • Corneal abrasion, Acute angle-closure glaucoma, Inflammation-iritis, uveitis,
or hemorrhage, Retinal ... Lens dislocation, Ischemic ... Loss: • Stroke, Medication ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #ophthalmology
Drugs Used for the Treatment of COVID-19 Infection

** Editor Note (from ophthalmology MD input) - Hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine
Editor Note (from ophthalmology ... someone who had retinal ... smfarmhosp_smfh #Drugs #Medications ... Treatment #COVID19 #Pharmacology ... #Table #Management
AACE/ACE 2016 Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatment Algorithm

Evaluate for causes of secondary osteoporosis

Correct calcium/vitamin D deficiency and address
Osteoporosis Treatment Algorithm ... Evaluate for causes ... • Recommend pharmacologic ... benefits and risks of medications ... #Management
Hydroxychloroquine Serum Measurement in SLE
 • Terminal elimination half-life = 40 days ([HCQI reflects long-term intake)
200ng/mL Best indications ... • Special cases ... (e.g. renal failure ... #rheumatology #pharmacology ... levels #lupus #management
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
and Inotropes - Pharmacology ... • Higher doses cause ... 2 mcg/kg/min): renal ... #Summary #management ... #medications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... /crush injury, ischemia ... only if no clear cause ... STOP offending medications ... ileus/obstruction (ischemia