19 results
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
edema caused by ... ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
of the terminal retinal ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
: • Purpura, ischemic ... tract, and often causes ... Kidneys: glomerular ischemia ... • Cogan Syndrome ... purpura: strong sign
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
vasculitis) • ... tears, Ischemia ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... • Nutcracker syndrome
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... damage such as retinal ... bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... White-coat syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... Hypertension - Renal ... - Myocardial ischemia ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Guidelines for Crises ... is unconscious, signs ... New or evolving regional ... Guidelines for crises ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management