82 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... into the deeper retinal ... ischemia -> Venous ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... body, vitreous, retina ... secondary glaucoma and retinal ... ischemia Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
degeneration - Retina ... pituitary tumor) Acute ... Vein Occlusion, Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #ophthalmology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Other • ATN: Ischemia ... SCVMCMed #AKI #Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
trucking" • Acute ... retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
vasoconstrictive • Acute ... of the terminal retinal ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... at least 50% Renal ... ) • Ischemia ( ... Sjögren) Post-Renal ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... failure (acute ... Renal acidosis ... #nephrology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Acetazolamide Causes ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology