34 results
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... mass #Diplopia #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinical Pearls ... #DoubleVision #Differential ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis Portal ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Associated Lung Ultrasound ... pleura in severe cases ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup 1) Clinical ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... Unique or multiple ischemic ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #causes
Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis. 
Neurological (<15%): Dizziness, syncope, seizures, Confusion, impending doom. headache
Angioedema: Lips, tongue, orbit,
Clinical manifestations ... 50%): Myocardial ischemia ... arrest, Kounis syndrome ... #anaphylaxis #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Clinical manifestations ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm