35 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
> 50x normal - Ischemic ... 2-5x normal - Hemolysis ... AST:ALT = 1 - Ischemia ... Viral Hepatitis, Ischemic ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis:
 • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA)
    - TTP
Differential diagnosis ... syndrome (ST-HUS ... anemia" • HELLP ... syndrome • Catastrophic ... #diagnosis #hematology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... hepatitis • Ischemic ... distinguishes ischemic ... injury • Demand ischemia ... #differential #
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... uremic syndrome ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
result in severe anemia ... anemia Indirect ... tissue damage from ischemia ... WBC count and differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Thrombocytosis - Elevated ... → Refer to hematology ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Elevated Liver Function ... Tests (LFTs) - Differential ... liver injury) • Ischemic ... #Tests #LFTs #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Myelodysplastic syndrome ... spherocytosis, Hemolytic ... uremic syndrome ... key #diagnosis #differential ... #hematology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Elevated Transaminases ... Transaminitis - Differential ... See Updated Schema ... Transaminitis #Elevated ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology