11 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... tract), terminal (bladder ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #Differential #Algorithm
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
AKI) What to ask ... /Cr - Renal/bladder ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Small Volume Bladder ... • Diabetes • MS ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Differential Diagnosis of Syncope
First, is it syncope? History is very important for distinguishing syncope from other
syncope from other causes ... Ask about precipitating ... Common causes of ... #Diagnosis #EM # ... #Differential #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
• Neurogenic Bladder ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Loss of bowel/bladder ... bladder continence ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
, and bowel or bladder ... 10-33% develop MS ... Autonomic: Bowel/Bladder ... • Infectious causes ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Causes of Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac - Arrhythmia:
 • Tachyarrhythmia
 • Bradyarrhythmia
 • Supraventricular Tachycardia
Causes of Syncope ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Situational: • Bladder ... Defecation #Syncope #Neurology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium