488 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
provide the earliest clues ... - At K = 5.0 to ... repolarization causes ... in conduction causes ... #Progression #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... measuring urinary K ... gastrointestinal K ... loss • Renal K
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Stimulation of Na/K-ATPase ... which imports K+ ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Approach • MILD K+ ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... rise • SEVERE K+ ... Monitor serum K+ ... Prevention - Consider cause
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Diuresis, Na+, K+ ... pharmacology #comparison #table
What foods are high in vitamin K?
The following table is adapted from NPS Medicine and shows
high in vitamin K? ... The following table ... high in vitamin K
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... extracellular K+ ... acute iatrogenic K+ ... injection Decreased K+ ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
with IV potassium(K) ... wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Diarrhea A urine K/
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
of filtered Na+/K+ ... organic acids and bases ... of filtered Na+/K+ ... 5%) coupled to K+ ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table