2352 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
HyperKalemia - Differential ... extracellular K+ ... acute iatrogenic K+ ... injection Decreased K+ ... #HyperKalemia #Differential
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Stimulation of Na/K-ATPase ... which imports K+ ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Tubular Acidosis - Differential ... Decreased Serum K, ... Decreased Serum K, ... Increased Serum K ... Tubular #Acidosis #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... measuring urinary K ... gastrointestinal K ... loss • Renal K ... #hypokalemia #differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the urine Urine K+ ... (<2.5 mEq K+/mmol ... Diarrhea Urine K+ ... (>2.5 mEq K+/mmol ... urine #potassium #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Digoxin • K ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3 ... #hyperkalemia #differential
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
in NAGMA NA + K ... Type 4 RTA (nb ↑K) ... NAGMA #diagnosis #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Digoxin • K ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3 ... #hyperkalemia #differential
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
Renal Failure K ... Acidosis #diagnosis #differential