306 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
provide the earliest clues ... - At K = 5.0 to ... repolarization causes ... - At K = 6.0 to ... in conduction causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... measuring urinary K ... gastrointestinal K ... loss • Renal K
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pneumothorax: - No lung sliding ... - Reduced lung sliding ... pleura in severe cases ... - Normal lung sliding ... - Normal lung sliding
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Stimulation of Na/K-ATPase ... which imports K+ ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Approach • MILD K+ ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... rise • SEVERE K+ ... Monitor serum K+ ... Prevention - Consider cause
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
with IV potassium(K) ... wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Diarrhea A urine K/
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Causes of Enuresis ... • Infrequent Voiding ... Syndrome) • Vaginal Voiding ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... extracellular K+ ... acute iatrogenic K+ ... injection Decreased K+ ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... practices that could cause ... , decrease vit K) ... patients if the cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes