9 results
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... dysfunction (25%) • Hepatic ... venipuncture sites Laboratory ... DIC • Severe Liver ... 100mg/dL) - Heparin
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Liver Chemistries ... Interpretation of LFTs ... • Albumin • Coagulation ... replaced by non-hepatic ... transaminitis #LFTs
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Liver Chemistry ... In liver, 80% of ... Chemistry #Tests #Laboratory ... Bilirubin #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... cardiac valves (septic ... Hyperhomocysteinemia - Heparin-induced ... intravascular coagulation ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
Diseases • Septic ... more time for the laboratory ... profile, including liver ... function tests (LFTs ... #laboratory #workup
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
with motion • Lots ... in Rheumatoid arthritis ... Stiffness is short-lived ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Acute-phase Reactants Synthesized in the Liver 
Positive acute-phase reactants (concentrations increase with acute inflammation)
 - Immune-related
Synthesized in the Liver ... Ceruloplasmin - Coagulation ... #Synthesized #Liver ... Synthesis #Hepatology #pathophysiology ... #Laboratory
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... Extrapulmonary: ankle arthritis ... heart (2-5%), liver ... (pain/abnormal LFT
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Mississippi and Ohio River ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... Isolated fever • Septic ... • Meningitis, septic ... arthritis, and