2098 results
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Elevated ... Anion Gap (<14) (Loss ... AnionGap #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Normal ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Once ... (urinary or GI loss ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #workup #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
poor intake, Gl loss ... renal magnesium loss ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... acidosis: Gl tract loss ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... gastrointestinal K loss ... • Renal K loss ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... extra-renal volume loss ... • renal volume loss ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cause ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride