10 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... ) = {Na - (Cl + ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... and bases, including ... diuretics - ... Tubules #Table #Pharmacology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... pressure: Active diuretic ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Diuretics (late ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... loss through the nephron ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Diuretics (late ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
crusade against “Ab ... Metabolic Acidosis ... derangements in function ... K+ in the ECF causes ... diagnosis #treatment #pharmacology