7 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... • Inhibit Na+ Cl ... loss through the nephron ... as no effect on ... nephrology #conversion
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... decarboxylation/gas ... muscle cells • Gas ... secretion • Acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
hormones that act ... increased in CKD ag ... perfusion of remaining nephrons ... Kidney #renal #nephrology ... #pharmacology