8 results
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED ... dL) 1 Liver (cirrhosis ... Bleeding history/anemia ... Anticoagulation #AFib #Diagnosis ... #Hematology
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Acquired (e.g., iHD) Cirrhosis ... Metabolism Severe Anemia ... #cardiology #causes
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis ... obstruction • ALP ... #workup #hepatology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • Pernicious anemia ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology ... #diagnosis
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
and Pathophysiology ... iron deficiency anemia ... - Obesity - Cirrhosis ... • Mitchell et al ... #causes #cardiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
liver disease: cirrhosis ... Pathophysiology: ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... evaluation essential in all ... Hepatorenal #Syndrome #Hepatology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Castleman disease • AL ... Liver disease: Cirrhosis ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
is a critical diagnostic ... • In all patients ... - Cytopenias (anemia ... Pathophysiology ... #Management #Hematology