115 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... hypovolemic hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... • nephrotic syndrome ... • renal failure ... #Hypernatremia ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Nephrology
Pathophysiology of hypotonic hyponatremia

by Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD

#hypotonic #hyponatremia #nephrology #algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... #hypotonic #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... • Renal Failure ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
 - Ascites Formation
 - Dilutional Hyponatremia
 - Hepatorenal Syndrome
 - Spontaneous Infections

#Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... - Dilutional Hyponatremia ... - Hepatorenal Syndrome ... #Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Defects Fanconi Syndrome ... tubule Bartter Syndrome ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Na <20: Extra-renal ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology