7 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
transfusion • Tumor ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... , Renin High: ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... #potassium #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
to diarrhea, a high ... high in kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Renin secreting tumor ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Renin secreting tumor ... syndrome Low-normal ... Distal RTA Low-normal ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
urinary losses: • High ... Renin secreting tumor ... consumption • Low/Normal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... movements; also normal ... myoclonic movements, tremors ... #neurology #comatose