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clinical diagnosis pocus ultrasound management differential cardiology physicalexam video stages echocardiogram pathophysiology pediatrics pulmonary stone peds abdominal causes radiology algorithm
Leech Extraction from Nasal passages #Leech #Extraction #clinical #video #infectiousdiseases #procedure #removal
Leech Extraction ... Nasal passages #Leech
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 UROLITHIASIS 80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
UROLITHIASIS 80% of stones ... & cystine (1%) stones ... Struvite stones, ... Uric acid stone ... Cystine stones are
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings. #Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
Kidney stone type ... Urinary #Kidney #Stones
Medications for Recurrent Calcium Oxalate (CaOx) Stones HYPERCALCIURIA • Thiazides: HCT, Indapamide, Chlorthalidone • Consider after first
Oxalate (CaOx) Stones ... Consider after first stone ... kidney - Large stone ... risk in CaPO4 stones ... Oxalate #CaOx #Stones
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus AXR. KUB - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
calcium-containing stones ... X-rays useful tor stone ... ureteric and renal stones ... Combines calcific stone ... Renal #Kidney #stones
Causes of Hyperuricemia Increased production • Solid-organ transplant • Tumor lysis syndrome • Rhabdomyolysis • Lesch Nyhan
Rhabdomyolysis • Lesch ... disease (CKD) stages ... Starvation • Ketones
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion Alcoholic ketoacidosis - Methanol - Ethylene glycol - Isopropyl Alcohol • Metabolic Acidosis •
Serum / Urine Ketones ... AKI / Ca Oxalate stones
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
Pediatric Kidney Stones ... • Try retrieve stone ... ELECTIVE: - Stone ... Stent: < 2 cm stone ... URS: Ureteric stone
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Non-calcium 10% of stones ... Uric Acid Stones ... protein intake Soft Stones ... - Struvite Stones ... - 10% of stones
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy •
diverticulum, AUPBD • Stones ... : Biliary stone(
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