9 results
Intact Corneomandibular (Wartenberg) Reflex

Patient with pontine hemorrhage without impaired consciousness - Left corneal stimulation triggers contralateral
consciousness - Left ... prominent unilateral left ... metabolic processes in comatose ... PhysicalExam #clinical #Neurology ... #Video #Wartenberg
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Evaluation of a Comatose ... consciousness Differential ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... myoclonic movements, tremors ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Renin secreting tumor ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Respiratory Alkalosis, Tumor ... Inappropriately High ... Bisphosphonate and ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... transfusion • HTN and ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... posterior thigh ... wink test - reflex ... Equina #syndrome #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... the lesion Posterior ... in deep tendon reflexes ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... transfusion • HTN and ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... urinary losses: • High ... Renin secreting tumor ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology