46 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
& inflammatory cells ... • Neurologic: Bell's ... Subcutaneous nodules, lupus ... dysrhythmias • Ophthalmologic ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Symptoms
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... • Langerhan cells ... hair follicles -> causes ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... patients have no symptoms ... skin (16-32%): lupus ... anterior/posterior MSK
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
mutated in all cells ... Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... endpoint of all-cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Persistent Pupillary Membrane (PPM) on Slit Lamp Ocular Examination

This membrane would be a remainder of the
tunica vasculosa lentis ... large enough to cause ... low vision or symptoms ... clinical #video #ophthalmology
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Trauma to the long bone or pelvis accounts for —9096 of cases. The diagnosis
the long bone or pelvis ... accounts for —9096 of cases ... Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
some red blood cells ... 10,000 ft) • Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Pathophysiology