9 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... and metabolic alkalosis ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Redistribution/ Shift into cells ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... #AcidBase #disorders ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... • Hyponatremia ... specific bleeding disorders ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Neurocognitive Disorder ... CNS ○ Infected cells ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... kidney tubular cells ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... causes #treatment #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... - Differential ... Suspect in movement disorders ... #diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
apical membrane of cells ... hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology