11 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
cell casts on UA ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... treating underlying cause ... Kidney #Injury #AKI
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
Pathologic / Fragility ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Skull/spine/Pelvis ... #MSK #Differential ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Red blood cells ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... • Red blood cells ... • Urinary casts ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Delayed Fracture Healing - Non-Union - Malunion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammation (Hours-Days) -> Soft Callus (Days-Weeks)
Delayed Fracture Healing ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Premature cast ... NonUnion #Malunion #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
EGPA) • Renal: (AKI ... sinus, nasal, hearing ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... work properly, leading ... age • 22 and 45 cases ... count with differential ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis
Borrelia recurrentis on Peripheral Blood Smear
23M Somali refugee recently arrived w/severe abd pain, confusion and fever
Northeast Africa with cases ... Several cases have ... LBRF can be diagnosed ... recurrentis #BloodSmear #microscopy ... #pathology #clinical
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Management Summary Causes ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: