9 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Kidney Injury - Differential ... cells/proteinuria ... treating underlying cause ... Intrarenal: stones, crystals ... Kidney #Injury #AKI
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinis", determined heating ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... • Red blood cells ... Kidney Injury (AKI
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
Pathologic / Fragility ... - Skull/spine/Pelvis ... #MSK #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Orthopedics ... #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
presence of protein, blood ... the supernatant leaving ... stain taken up by cells ... Ill stain) and crystals ... RBC's, lipids, crystals
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
work properly, leading ... skin that are caused ... Out Secondary Causes ... abnormal under a microscope ... count with differential
Approach to Joint Pain - Diagnostic Framework

1) Chronicity
2) Inflammatory vs Non-Inflammatory
3) Number of Joints Involved

1) Chronicity:
Noninflammatory • Bloody ... tumor • Non-bloody ... Like in this case ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... approach #workup #differential
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... EGPA) • Renal: (AKI ... sinus, nasal, hearing ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood
Delayed Fracture Healing - Non-Union - Malunion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammation (Hours-Days) -> Soft Callus (Days-Weeks)
Delayed Fracture Healing ... NonUnion #Malunion #MSK ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Orthopedics ... #Causes
Fracture Healing (and disruptors of this process)
Inflammatory Stage (0-7d)
 • Fracture disrupts local blood vessels ->
disrupts local blood ... osteoprogenitor cells ... Fluoroquinolones - Causes ... #Stages #Orthopedics ... #msk #Staging #