42 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
petechiae) • Frequent infections ... • Parvovirus infection ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... abnormal under a microscope ... marrow studies Treatment
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
• Peripheral blood ... History • Bite cells ... Deficiency • Sickle cells ... Fevers, DAT (-) → Infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... athletes • Chronic Blood ... Loss (without anaemia ... Pylori • Hookworm infection
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... and petechiae Causes ... Idiopathic • Infections ... Treatment: ... result from low blood
IDSA Recommendations for Preventing and Treating Penicillium marneffei Infections in HIV-AIDS
Preventing 1st Episode of Penicilliosis (Primary
Penicillium marneffei Infections ... Treating Acute Infection ... IDSA #Prevention #Treatment ... opportunistic #infections ... #HIVAIDS #pharmacology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... with polyangiitis/microscopic ... glomerulonephritis • Post-Infectious
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
• Peripheral blood ... for secondary causes ... drug reaction, infection ... Strongyloides infection ... glucocorticoid treatment
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Phagocytosis of blood ... cells + production ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... Treatment: • ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
= funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... risk-stratification • Risks: infection ... only curative treatment
Suspected Celiac Disease - Diagnosis Algorithm

Celiac disease suspected:
 • Signs and symptoms of celiac disease
 •
Iron-deficiency anemia ... unresponsive to treatment ... without discernable cause ... T1DM, Addisons, microscopic ... NSAlDs, ARBs) • Infection