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diagnosis management differential algorithm classification dermatology hemeonc leukemia vasculitis chronic cll hemolytic hemophagocytic hlh intravascular lymphocytic lymphohistiocytosis mds monoclonal myelodysplastic
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis Hypochromia Megaloblastic Anemia Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS) Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Sickled red
Sickled red cells ... : Sickle cell disease ... Bite cells: G6PD ... Smear #Analysis #hematology ... #microscopy #interpretation
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... = funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Spurious: • Artifact (redo CBC) Autonomous: • Essential thrombocytosis • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
, Liver diseases ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... , Liver diseases ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #differential #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome Clinical Syndrome: • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... vasculitis • Hematologic ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... NEJM Review: https ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Normal Blood Smear •
Causes of Anemia ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Macrocytosis, Target Cells ... • Liver Disease ... #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... skin that are caused ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... and petechiae Causes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN R
40 ml/min A - Anemia ... Causes of false- ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
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