41 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
DDX: Rule Out Secondary ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... cells, red blood ... cells - red blood ... cells, white blood
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... hematopoietic stem cells ... including peripheral blood ... myeloid cells ... NEJM Review: https
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Repeatedly normal blood ... Renal parenchymal disease ... • Renovascular disease ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... or disease)
Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Steatorrhea
 - Maldigestive
    • Pancreatic Insufficiency
 - Primary
- Secondary Malabsorption ... (Small Volume/ Bloody ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... • Carcinoid Syndrome
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell ( ... anemia, Liver diseases ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... , Liver diseases ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Sickle cells
These photos show sickle cells on peripheral blood smears. In the left photo target cells
photos show sickle ... blood smears. ... to sickle cell disease ... thalassemia, and HbSC disease ... Path #BloodSmear #Blood
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... visits, Ambulatory blood ... 3+) Consider secondary ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... • Nephritic syndrome
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Syphilis, Lyme disease ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... , myeloma, secondary ... Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Fabry's disease ... Leah Willis via
Castleman's Disease and Associated Syndromes
HYALINE VASCULAR VARIANT
 • unicentric, HHV8-ve, children and young.
 • Hyalinized vessels
Castleman's Disease ... and Associated Syndromes ... • Hyalinizeä blood ... Diffuse plasma cells ... Pathogenesis "IL6 syndrome
Some of the techniques used for Antenatal Diagnosis

Amniocentesis 
 - Chromosome/micro-array and DNA analysis 
 -
— PCR Fetal blood ... serology - Fetal blood ... genetic analysis of cells ... surgery, e.g. laser photo-coagulation ... transfusion syndrome